Retaining walls are fundamental in geotechnical and structural engineering, yet their design often involves conservative assumptions that...

Most swarm intelligence algorithms allow parallelization when computing the objective function. Each particle can be assigned to each worker to call the solver and return the individual objective value. The algorithm can be explained: MATLAB parfor function [x,f] = jaya_parallel(x,f,lb,ub,nPop,nVar,maxIt) for it = 1:maxIt % --- Step 1: find best/worst [f_best, idx_best] = min(f); [f_worst, idx_worst] = max(f); x_best = x(idx_best,:); x_worst = x(idx_worst,:); newx = z

Adisorn Owatsirwong, D.Eng. This equivalent nodal force is opposite to Fixed-end reactions and written in the element force calculation as follows. {Fe} = [ke]{u} - {q} {q} = Equivalent nodal force When assembling the element stiffness, those {q} are summed into the global load vector {F}, i.e. {F} + {Q}= [K]{u} [F] = Nodal applied load {Q} = Sum of equivalent nodal load vector [K] = The global stiffness of the structure MATLAB Code (case qe = q) function feq = eqv_load_dro

When developing large, performance-oriented programs—especially in FEM and optimization—it’s critical to keep your Fortran code modular, readable, and safe. Below are four golden rules  for managing subroutines and functions effectively in modern Fortran (Fortran 90+).  🔹1. Use Modules  for Organization and Reusability A module  is like a toolbox — it groups related variables, constants, and functions in one unit, and lets other parts of the program access them using the us

Shear reinforcement in a concrete beam is required when the shear strength of concrete alone is inadequate to carry the vertical shear from external loads. ACI 318 stipulates the general equation for computing the vertical shear strength of a concrete beam with inclined stirrups as follows. Vs = As*fy*d/s*(sin(a) + cos(a)) where a = horizontal angle of the inclined stirrup It's first astonishing to see the term cos(a) for the shear strength of the stirrup, which should only b

Keywords: Sheet-pile wall · Retaining wall · Metaheuristic optimization · Cost minimization · Reliability-based design · Multiobjective...

Artificial Intelligence is being advanced to the point where engineering design can be automated to an unprecedented extent. Within a...

1. Inspiration: Nature’s Hierarchy and Intelligence Greywolf's Hunting Mechanism (source: S. Mirjalili) The Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) ,...

Adisorn O. | ALPS Consultants 📌 The Problem with Traditional Methods Anchored sheet pile (SP) walls are typically designed using...

Retaining walls remain a core element in geotechnical engineering, but their design has often relied on manual iterations, conservative...

Background Proposed by Rashedi et al. in 2009 ( “GSA: A Gravitational Search Algorithm” ). Belongs to the family of physics-inspired...

Cite as: Adisorn Owatsiriwong (2025). Counter-Ant System (CAS): A Simple Way to Learn ACO ( https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/file...

In a multivariable design problem, the structure of the single variable can be maintained. The only modification is to insert an...

Introduction The original Ant System (AS) was proposed by Marco Dorigo in 1990. AS has shown its efficiency and simplified concept in...

Metaheuristic algorithms often look alike at first glance. They all work with a “population” of solutions, evolve iteratively, and are...

JAYA algorithm was invented by RV Rao (2016) for solving continuous problems. In this blog we try to apply JAYA to knapsack problem which...

In this post, I introduce a new way of thinking about Swarm Intelligence (SI) algorithms through the analogy of investors and retailers...