Most swarm intelligence algorithms allow parallelization when computing the objective function. Each particle can be assigned to each worker to call the solver and return the individual objective value. The algorithm can be explained: MATLAB parfor function [x,f] = jaya_parallel(x,f,lb,ub,nPop,nVar,maxIt) for it = 1:maxIt % --- Step 1: find best/worst [f_best, idx_best] = min(f); [f_worst, idx_worst] = max(f); x_best = x(idx_best,:); x_worst = x(idx_worst,:); newx = z

When writing scientific codes or optimization solvers like PT-OP, you will quickly face one design decision: Should this piece of logic be written as a subroutine, a function, or wrapped in a module? At first, these terms can seem similar — but understanding their roles is the foundation of clean, safe, and efficient Fortran programming. 🔹 1. Subroutine vs Function Type Purpose Returns a value? Called by Subroutine Performs an action (procedure) ❌ No call my_sub(a, b, c) Fun

Artificial Intelligence is being advanced to the point where engineering design can be automated to an unprecedented extent. Within a...

1. Inspiration: Nature’s Hierarchy and Intelligence Greywolf's Hunting Mechanism (source: S. Mirjalili) The Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) ,...

Introduction The original Ant System (AS) was proposed by Marco Dorigo in 1990. AS has shown its efficiency and simplified concept in...

*Auto Generated by GPT-5 1. Steel and Concrete Frame Design Objectives: Minimize material cost (steel weight, concrete volume). Minimize...

Lévy Flight or Lévy Step is commonly used in modern swarm-based algorithms, especially by Prof. Xin-She Yang's algorithms. The Lévy step...

Explanation of the Code Problem Definition Defines two conflicting objective functions to minimize. Sets variable bounds (-5 to 5) ....

Adisorn Owatsiriwong Introduction In structural engineering, accurately determining the compressive strength of concrete is crucial for...

1. Explanation Bayes Theorem: To find the probability of event B, given A occurs P(D|T) = P(T|D)*P(D)/P(T) * One may think that T is a...

Adisorn Owatsiriwong To fully understand the relationship between the neural network or deep learning and optimization problems, we can...

Adisorn Owatsiriwong, D.Eng. Introduction: Naive Bayes (NB) classification is a supervised Machine Learning (ML) technique used to...

Adisorn Owatsiriwong Practical Approach: Converting a serial to parallel for loop must ensure each worker (cpu) handles an independent...

Adisorn Owatsiriwong Parallel programming in MATLAB enables us to perform multiple computations simultaneously by dividing tasks into...

Separating combinatorial problems from fixed-variable problems involves understanding the nature of the variables you're dealing with in...

Adisorn Owatsiriwong, D.Eng. Introducing OptiForm(tm): The Next Level in Shoring Design! We're thrilled to unveil our latest innovation...

Consider this example of fix-sized and allocatable array case I: Fix-sized array Case II: Allocatable array One important thing to remark...

Fig.2 Convergence plot (n = 20, maxGen = 20) This design example shows how the Firefly algorithm can be applied to the gravity wall...